P101 questions, help me please?

20. A proponent of ESP claims that ESP shows up only when the vibrations are right and that there is no way to know whether the vibrations are right except to see whether ESP shows up. What is wrong with this theory from a scientific standpoint?


a. It relies too heavily on operational definitions.


b. It relies too heavily on negative correlations.


c. It is not falsifiable.


d. It has too many dependent variables.





26. To test the effect of soothing music on intellectual performance, Professor Bach plays soft background music during her morning class and no music during her afternoon class. She then counts the number of "intelligent questions" and reports more in the morning class (with music). What two things does this experiment lack that it should have had in order to justify the conclusion?


a. random assignment and blind observations


b. demand characteristics and an independent variable


c. blind observations and a dependent variable


d. random assignment and an independent variable

P101 questions, help me please?
20


it is circular.


i could argue for any of them EXCEPT D





26





c ( and i would want random assignment also)


the real problem here is that the "experiment" is confounded by time of day, which might be the causative factor.